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Europe's youngest volcano was formed in 1538 following the last violent eruption in the Phlegraean Fields (lasting several days), preceded by earthquakes and the raising of the ground. A phenomenal cataclysm, caused by an open eruptive vent near the village of Tripergole, disrupted the geological structure of the area, changed the size of Lake Lucrino and destroyed the Tripergole spa, renowned since the Middle Ages for its therapeutic water sources.Monte Nuovo, a natural oasis (1996) of the Phlegraean Fields Regional Park, has a maximum height of 133 metres and a total area of 51 hectares, covered by a green mantle of pine trees and Mediterranean scrub, and its crater inside descends to 14 metres above sea level. The stepped entrance path from the pine forest continues on the dirt road, lined with tuff walls, which climbs to the crater rim. From the summit, on the south side, there is a magnificent panorama from Cape Posillipo to Nisida, from Pozzuoli to Cape Miseno and, on clear days, as far as the Sorrento peninsula; the path runs along the entire rim of the crater, as far as the view of Lake Averno: a spectacular view of the lakes, Punta Epitaffio and the Gulf of Pozzuoli with Procida and Ischia in the background. The outer slopes of the mountain are covered with lentisk, myrtle, heather, phyllitis, strawberry trees, broom and shrubby holm oaks; inside the crater, with its rather steep walls, tree holm oaks and chestnut trees grow in the shady area, while on the sunny slopes white-flowered cysts bloom among elms, holm oaks and tree hawthorns. Among the walks in the crater, it is possible to choose challenging routes - real trekking - or less difficult paths suitable for younger people, or decide for a horse-riding excursion in an uncontaminated and luxuriant nature.